Anguilla
Introduction Geography People Government Economy Communications Transportation Military Transnational Issues
Introduction	Back To Top
Background: Colonized by English settlers from Saint Kitts in 1650, Anguilla was administered by Great Britain until the early 19th century, when the island - against the wishes of the inhabitants - was incorporated into a single British dependency, along with Saint Kitts and Nevis. Several attempts at separation failed. In 1971, two years after a revolt, Anguilla was finally allowed to secede; this arrangement was formally recognized in 1980, with Anguilla becoming a separate British dependency.
Geography	Back To Top
Land boundaries: 0 km Climate: tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds Map references: Central America and the Caribbean Geographic coordinates: 18 15 N, 63 10 W Natural resources: salt, fish, lobster Elevation extremes: lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Crocus Hill 65 m Terrain: flat and low-lying island of coral and limestone Geography - note: the most northerly of the Leeward Islands in the Lesser Antilles Area: total: 102 sq km land: 102 sq km water: 0 sq km Location: Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, east of Puerto Rico Coastline: 61 km Area - comparative: about half the size of Washington, DC Irrigated land: NA Environment - current issues: supplies of potable water sometimes cannot meet increasing demand largely because of poor distribution system Maritime claims: territorial sea: 3 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm Natural hazards: frequent hurricanes and other tropical storms (July to October) Land use: arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (mostly rock with sparse scrub oak, few trees, some commercial salt ponds) (2005)
People	Back To Top
Total fertility rate: 1.75 children born/woman (2008 est.) Sex ratio: at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.91 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2008 est.) HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: NA HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: NA Life expectancy at birth: total population: 80.53 years male: 78.01 years female: 83.12 years (2008 est.) Literacy: definition: age 12 and over can read and write total population: 95% male: 95% female: 95% (1984 est.) Net migration rate: 14.6 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2008 est.) Ethnic groups: black (predominant) 90.1%, mixed, mulatto 4.6%, white 3.7%, other 1.5% (2001 census) Median age: total: 32.3 years male: 31.3 years female: 33.4 years (2008 est.) Population: 14,108 (July 2008 est.) Education expenditures: 4% of GDP (2005) Population growth rate: 2.332% (2008 est.) Languages: English (official) Death rate: 4.39 deaths/1,000 population (2008 est.) Infant mortality rate: total: 3.54 deaths/1,000 live births male: 4.01 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.06 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.) HIV/AIDS - deaths: NA School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): total: 11 years male: 11 years female: 11 years (2006) Age structure: 0-14 years: 24.8% (male 1,795/female 1,706) 15-64 years: 67.6% (male 4,569/female 4,970) 65 years and over: 7.6% (male 510/female 558) (2008 est.) Birth rate: 13.11 births/1,000 population (2008 est.) Religions: Anglican 29%, Methodist 23.9%, other Protestant 30.2%, Roman Catholic 5.7%, other Christian 1.7%, other 5.2%, none or unspecified 4.3% (2001 census) Nationality: noun: Anguillan(s) adjective: Anguillan
Government	Back To Top
Diplomatic representation from the US: none (overseas territory of the UK) National holiday: Anguilla Day, 30 May (1967) Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal Government type: NA Political pressure groups and leaders: NA Diplomatic representation in the US: none (overseas territory of the UK) Dependency status: overseas territory of the UK International organization participation: Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), OECS, UPU, WFTU Legislative branch: unicameral House of Assembly (11 seats; 7 members elected by direct popular vote, 2 ex officio members, and 2 appointed; members serve five-year terms) elections: last held 21 February 2005 (next to be held in 2010) election results: percent of vote by party - AUF 38.9%, AUM 19.4%, ANSA 19.2%, APP 9.5%, independents 13%; seats by party - AUF 4, ANSA 2, AUM 1 Legal system: based on English common law Flag description: blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Anguillan coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms depicts three orange dolphins in an interlocking circular design on a white background with blue wavy water below Independence: none (overseas territory of the UK) Country name (Goverment): conventional long form: none conventional short form: Anguilla Political parties and leaders: Anguilla United Front or AUF [Osbourne FLEMING, Victor BANKS] (a coalition of the Anguilla Democratic Party or ADP and the Anguilla National Alliance or ANA); Anguilla United Movement or AUM [Hubert HUGHES]; Anguilla Progressive Party or APP [Roy ROGERS]; Anguilla Strategic Alternative or ANSA [Edison BAIRD] Capital: name: The Valley geographic coordinates: 18 13 N, 63 03 W time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) Constitution: Anguilla Constitutional Order 1 April 1982; amended 1990 Executive branch: chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Andrew N. GEORGE (since 10 July 2006) head of government: Chief Minister Osbourne FLEMING (since 3 March 2000) cabinet: Executive Council appointed by the governor from among the elected members of the House of Assembly elections: the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed chief minister by the governor Administrative divisions: none (overseas territory of the UK) Judicial branch: High Court (judge provided by Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court)
Economy	Back To Top
Central bank discount rate: 6.5% (31 December 2007) Current account balance: -$42.87 million (2003 est.) Debt - external: $8.8 million (1998) Unemployment rate: 8% (2002) GDP - per capita (PPP): $8,800 (2004 est.) Stock of domestic credit: $447.7 million (31 December 2007) GDP (purchasing power parity): $108.9 million (2004 est.) GDP (official exchange rate): $108.9 million (2004 est.) Exchange rates: East Caribbean dollars (XCD) per US dollar - 2.7 (2007), 2.7 (2006), 2.7 (2005), 2.7 (2004), 2.7 (2003) note: fixed rate since 1976 GDP - real growth rate: 10.2% (2004 est.) Stock of money: $23.57 million (31 December 2007) Labor force: 6,049 (2001) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 5.3% (2006 est.) GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 4% industry: 18% services: 78% (2002 est.) Exports: $13 million (2006) Currency (code): East Caribbean dollar (XCD) Economy - overview: Anguilla has few natural resources, and the economy depends heavily on luxury tourism, offshore banking, lobster fishing, and remittances from emigrants. Increased activity in the tourism industry has spurred the growth of the construction sector, contributing to economic growth. Anguillan officials have put substantial effort into developing the offshore financial sector, which is small, but growing. In the medium term, prospects for the economy will depend largely on the tourism sector and, therefore, on revived income growth in the industrialized nations as well as on favorable weather conditions. Imports - commodities: fuels, foodstuffs, manufactures, chemicals, trucks, textiles Industries: tourism, boat building, offshore financial services Population below poverty line: 23% (2002) Commercial bank prime lending rate: 9.76% (31 December 2007) Stock of quasi money: $470.1 million (31 December 2007) Electricity - production: NA kWh Imports: $143 million (2006) Labor force - by occupation: agriculture/fishing/forestry/mining 4%, manufacturing 3%, construction 18%, transportation and utilities 10%, commerce 36%, services 29% (2000 est.) Currency code: XCD Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA% Exports - commodities: lobster, fish, livestock, salt, concrete blocks, rum Economic aid - recipient: $9 million (2004 est.) Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: NA hydro: NA nuclear: NA other: NA Budget: revenues: $22.8 million expenditures: $22.5 million (2000 est.) Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March
Communications	Back To Top
Internet users: 3,000 (2002) Telephones - main lines in use: 6,200 (2002) Televisions: 1,000 (1997) Internet country code: .ai Radio broadcast stations: AM 2, FM 7, shortwave 0 (2004) Radios: 3,000 (1997) Telephones - mobile cellular: 1,800 (2002) Television broadcast stations: 1 (1997) Telephone system: general assessment: NA domestic: modern internal telephone system international: country code - 1-264; landing point for the East Caribbean Fiber System (ECFS) submarine cable with links to 13 other islands in the eastern Caribbean extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad; microwave radio relay to island of Saint Martin (Guadeloupe and Netherlands Antilles) (2007) Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 16 (2000) Internet hosts: 205 (2008)
Transportation	Back To Top
Ports and terminals: Blowing Point, Road Bay Airports - with paved runways: total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007) Roadways: total: 175 km paved: 82 km unpaved: 93 km (2004) Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 2 under 914 m: 2 (2007) Airports: 3 (2007)
Military	Back To Top
Manpower available for military service: males age 16-49: 3,538 (2008 est.) Military - note: defense is the responsibility of the UK Manpower fit for military service: males age 16-49: 2,929 (2008 est.) Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually: male: 103 female: 103 (2008 est.)
Transnational Issues	Back To Top
Disputes - international: none Illicit drugs: transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe

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